Maddox / Woods Orthopedics

Locations

Shoulder Instability

What is Shoulder Instability?

Shoulder instability occurs when the shoulder joint is too loose and can partially or completely dislocate. This condition happens when the ligaments, muscles, and tendons that support the shoulder become stretched, torn, or weakened, leading to recurrent dislocations or a feeling of the shoulder slipping out of place.

What Causes Shoulder Instability?

  • Trauma: A fall, direct blow, or injury that forces the shoulder out of place
  • Repetitive Overuse: Activities that involve frequent overhead motion (e.g., swimming, baseball, weightlifting)
  • Genetic Factors: Some individuals naturally have looser ligaments, making them prone to instability
  • Previous Dislocations: A past shoulder dislocation increases the risk of recurrent instability

Common Symptoms:

  • Recurrent shoulder dislocations or the sensation of the shoulder slipping out of place
  • Pain or aching, especially after activity
  • Weakness or loss of strength in the shoulder
  • Limited range of motion or difficulty performing overhead activities
  • Clicking, popping, or grinding sensations in the joint

How is it Diagnosed?

Your surgeon will perform a physical examination to assess joint stability, strength, and range of motion. Imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans may be used to evaluate bone and soft tissue damage.

Treatment Options:

  • Non-Surgical:
    • Rest and activity modification to avoid further dislocations
    • Ice therapy and anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) for pain relief
    • Physical therapy to strengthen shoulder muscles and improve stability
    • Bracing to help prevent dislocations during activity
  • Surgical:
    • Arthroscopic Stabilization: Minimally invasive surgery to tighten loose ligaments
    • Open Shoulder Surgery: For severe cases requiring ligament repair or bone reconstruction
    • Latarjet Procedure: Bone grafting to prevent future dislocations in patients with bone loss

Recovery and Rehabilitation:

  • Non-surgical treatment may take several weeks to months, depending on severity
  • Post-surgical recovery can take 4-6 months, with physical therapy playing a key role
  • Strength and stability improve with consistent rehabilitation
  • Avoiding high-risk activities and strengthening the shoulder can help prevent future instability

If you are experiencing shoulder instability, schedule a consultation with us to discuss the best treatment options for you.