What is an Elbow Fracture?

An elbow fracture occurs when one or more of the bones that form the elbow joint—the humerus (upper arm bone), radius, or ulna (forearm bones)—break due to trauma. This injury can range from small cracks to severe breaks that disrupt joint alignment and function.

What Causes an Elbow Fracture?

• Falling directly on the elbow or outstretched hand
• Direct impact from a collision or accident
• Sports injuries or high-energy trauma (e.g., motor vehicle accidents)
• Weak bones due to osteoporosis or other conditions

Common Symptoms:

• Severe pain, swelling, and bruising around the elbow
• Inability to move the elbow normally
• Deformity or misalignment of the joint
• Tenderness when touching the injured area
• Numbness or tingling in the hand, indicating possible nerve involvement

How is it Diagnosed?

Your surgeon will evaluate your injury with a physical exam and check for tenderness, range of motion, and nerve function. X-rays are typically used to confirm the fracture. In some cases, a CT scan or MRI may be necessary to assess complex fractures or soft tissue injuries.

Treatment Options:

• Non-Surgical:
  • For non-displaced (stable) fractures, a splint or cast may be used to immobilize the elbow while it heals.
  • Pain management with anti-inflammatory medications and ice therapy.
  • Gradual return to movement through guided physical therapy.
• Surgical:
  • Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF): If the bones are displaced, surgery may be required to realign and secure them with plates, screws, or pins.
  • Joint Replacement (Arthroplasty): In cases of severe damage, partial or total elbow replacement may be considered.

Recovery and Rehabilitation:

• Healing time varies based on fracture severity, with most fractures taking 6-12 weeks to heal.
• Early motion exercises may be introduced to prevent stiffness.
• Physical therapy helps restore strength, flexibility, and function.
• Full recovery may take several months, and return to sports or heavy activities should be guided by your surgeon.

If you have suffered an elbow fracture, schedule a consultation with us to discuss the best treatment options for you.