What is Elbow Arthritis?

Elbow arthritis occurs when the cartilage in the elbow joint wears down, leading to pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion. This condition can be caused by osteoarthritis (wear-and-tear degeneration), rheumatoid arthritis (an autoimmune condition), or post-traumatic arthritis (from previous injuries).

What Causes Elbow Arthritis?

• Age-related cartilage wear (osteoarthritis)
• Autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis
• Previous fractures, dislocations, or repetitive strain on the elbow
• Overuse in sports or heavy labor

Common Symptoms:

• Pain and stiffness in the elbow, especially in the morning or after activity
• Swelling and tenderness around the joint
• Decreased range of motion, making it difficult to fully bend or straighten the arm
• A catching or locking sensation due to loose bone or cartilage fragments
• Weakness in grip strength

How is it Diagnosed?

Your hand surgeon will evaluate your symptoms, perform a physical exam to assess range of motion and joint stability, and may order X-rays to check for joint space narrowing, bone spurs, or other signs of arthritis. An MRI or CT scan may be used for a more detailed view if needed.

Treatment Options:

• Non-Surgical:
  • Activity modifications to reduce strain on the elbow
  • Anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) for pain relief
  • Corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injections to reduce inflammation and improve mobility
  • Physical therapy to maintain strength and flexibility
  • Use of a brace or splint for added support
• Surgical:
  • Arthroscopy: A minimally invasive procedure to remove loose fragments and smooth out joint surfaces.
  • Osteophyte Removal: Trimming of bone spurs that limit movement.
  • Joint Replacement (Arthroplasty): For severe cases, the elbow joint can be replaced with an artificial implant to restore function and relieve pain.

Recovery and Rehabilitation:

• Non-surgical treatment may require ongoing therapy and lifestyle adjustments.
• After surgery, a structured rehabilitation program is essential for regaining motion and strength.
• Recovery time varies based on the procedure but may take several weeks to months.

If you have persistent elbow pain or stiffness, schedule a consultation with us to discuss the best treatment options for you.